Fetal macrosomia at Gabriel Toure hospital: prevalence and perinatal prognosis
Keywords:
Fetal macrosomia, complications, neonate, MaliAbstract
Introduction : Macrosomia is a concern in the daily practice of the neonatologist. The aim of this work was to investigate the sociodemographic, clinical and survival aspects of macrosomic neonates.
Method : It was a retrospective and descriptive study that ran from 01/01/2017 to 31/12/2019. We included all macrosomic neonates hospitalized in neonatology service during the study period.
Results : Forty-six macrosomic newborns were included, accounting for a hospital frequency of 0.71%. The predominant maternal age group was 20-29 years. Pregnancy was monitored in 73.9% of cases. Gestational diabetes represented 30.4% of cases. Pregnancy term was not specified in 43.5% of cases, and was exceeded in 6.5%. The main complications recorded were a caput succedaneum observed in 41.3% of cases, clavicle fracture in 10.9%, cephalohaematoma in 6.5%, humerus fracture and obstetric brachial plexus palsy in 2.2% each. Hypoglycemia was observed in 39.1% of patients, 13% of whom died. Newborns were hospitalized for perinatal asphyxia in 52.2% of cases, followed by neonatal infection in 47.8% and respiratory distress in 41.3%. At least a quarter of newborns (26.1%) were resuscitated at birth. The average hospital stay was 5.39 ± 2.9 days, with extremes ranging from one to twelve days.
Conclusion : In our context, we recorded a low rate of fetal macrosomia. The risks and complications are very similar to other studies in literature. Improvements in follow-up of pregnancies will ensure early recognition and management of risks during delivery.
Key words: Fetal macrosomia, complications, neonate, Mali.
Conflict of interest: none to declare
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