Burden, Predictors And Case Fatality of Neonatal Asphyxia Amongst Neonates At The Limbe Regional Hospital, A Low-Income Setting
Keywords:
Neonatal Asphyxia, Associated factors, Outcome, Case fatalityAbstract
Background: Neonatal asphyxia is a global problem which significantly contributes to both neonatal morbidity and mortality. According to the World Health Organisation,4 million neonates are affected by asphyxia annually. In Cameroon, particularly in the South-West region, useful information concerning this neonatal dilemma is limited. So, we decided to determine the prevalence of neonatal asphyxia, to identify the associated factors and hospital outcome of affected neonates at the Limbe Regional Hospital.
Methods: A 3-year retrospective analytic study from January 2017-December 2019 was carried out from February 2020 to April 2020 including files of term babies unable to breathe by its own effort with Apgar score of less than 7 at 5th mn.
Results: A total of 175 (27.7%) neonates were asphyxiated. We found that the following were independently associated with neonatal asphyxia, antepartum: < 3 obstetric ultrasounds (AOR = 1.92 [1.09-3.38]), negative HIV status (AOR:0.2 [0.09-0.55]), intrapartum: augmented labour (AOR:2.88 [1.03-8.03]) and meconium-stained liquor (AOR: 4.13 [1.7-10.05]). Hospital mortality rate was 4.4% with a case fatality rate of 16% and a threefold chance of dying if the case of asphyxia was referred from another health institution.
Conclusion: The factors associated with neonatal asphyxia are preventable. Thus, efforts should be made to improve the quality of antenatal and intrapartum care services to reduce the burden of neonatal asphyxia.
Keywords: Neonatal Asphyxia, Associated factors, Outcome, Case fatality
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